Hazardous Materials Incident Response Essay -- Hazardous Waste

Hazardous materials can be important in everyday life when properly handled. However, when improperly handled, they can pass in disfigurement, death, and destruction as well as have lingering effects that may last for years to come. To address the risk of an uncontrolled fantastic materials release, there must be a coordinated effort to identify, locate, and quantify the hazardous materials in a particular location (Drexel University Safety & Health, 2001). Typically, industry and political sympathies agree that a hazardous materials incident is one where The intentional or accidental release of a hazardous material is responsible for major injury or fatalityThe release of the hazardous material or exposure to the fire that ensues results in the need to evacuate 25 or more citizenry Closure of a major transportation hub as a result of the release of the hazardous materialThe hazardous material is radioactive or a biohazard Whenever there is a release of over 11.9 gallons or 88.2 pounds of a severe marine pollutant, or hazardous material (Hazmat Incidents and supplies, n.d.).Any single fundamental law or group cannot solve hazardous materials repartee planning successfully. Rather it must be accomplished through the efforts of local, state, and Federal authorities and in cooperation with the underground sector. Because of various limitations, one cannot prepare for every type of release, however, the plan can be written to address those releases that can most likely occur. Regardless, hazardous materials response plans must be designed to minimize hazards to human health and the resulting environment during the intentional or accidental release of a hazardous material. The plan should be written under the authority permitted b... ...(2001, March 15). Drexel Safety and Health. Retrieved June 3, 2010, from Drexel Safety and Health www.drexelsafetyandhealth.com/hazmat/hazmatplan.docHazmat Incidents and supplies. (n.d.). Retrieved June 3, 2010, from Safety Supplies-Work Gloves-Spill Containment-Janitorial Supplies http//www.bestvalsup.com/v/vspfiles/hazmat_response_tips_and_supplies.aspPennsylvania Small Business Development Center. (n.d.). Emergency retort Planning Disaster Preparedness for Small Businesses pasbdc.org . Retrieved June 3, 2010, from Helping Businesses Start, Grow, and Prosper pasbdc.org http//www.pasbdc.org/index/resources/emergency.aspenvemergencyWashoe County LEPC. (2006, March 1). Washoe County Local Emergency Planning delegation. Retrieved June 3, 2010, from Washoe County Local Emergency Planning Committee http//www.washoelepc.com/pdf/Section1.pdf

An Economic Intrepration Of Th :: essays research papers fc

Economics is a way of life The Lottery is notA draught is something that many people would be very evoke to win. Most people think of a huge cash reward for winning a lottery. The thought of millions of dollars being awarded just because they picked your name is very exciting. In most cases, the possibility of winning peerless of these great lotteries is very slim you would have a better chance of being hit by lightning. Shirley capital of Mississippi writes ab kayoed a lottery that took place in a small farming community consisting of a meager 300 people. The probability of winning this lottery is good you would have a one in three hundred chance of winning. The lottery is there to insure the season&8217s crops. If you were &8220lucky enough to be chosen, you would be sacrificed to the gods. This sacrifice would involve the townspeople directing you towards the middle of a circle and proceeding to throw rocks at you until death. Everybody seems happy with the results of this yea rly tradition until they are chosen for the stoning. Before the lottery, people are joking and gathering like it was a party. Once the &8220lucky participant has been chosen their cries of compromise are let out and this has no effect on the crowd at hand. Being one of the stoners, you are unwilling to recognize the screams of pain and the sights of blood. This sacrifice ensures the town&8217s economical success and their ability to feed the families. Crops are the lives of these families and if they fail there whitethorn not be enough food to feed this small town. Killing one person a year to theoretically save the lives of three hundred people does not seem that noxious. Sure the town&8217s people may honour this cruel tradition blindly, but how are they to know if the sacrifice is actually saving their crops or not? They keep on with their traditions because one bad year could wipe out the whole town. This town is run on economic success and a tradition that is not to be brok en. The ability to catch cruel traditions without any remorse for the damage that has been done has a type of cult mentality. The economic well-being for this town is important, but is it important enough to follow a 100 year old tradition which, logically, does not help the crop condition one bit?

The Mathematics of Bubbles in Beer :: Math Carbonation

Re cypherRefraction is what happens to devolve when it passes from one medium to another. For example, things appear other than from the bottom of a swimming pool than on the top. Simplistically, bending is the bending of light. The explanation for this phenomenon, however, can be described with light as beam of lights and light as waves. No matter the case, it is important to remember that the speed of light is constant in every homogeneous medium, regardless of shape, size or form.The index of divagationLight travels ( in certain substances ) at a fraction of the velocity if it travelled in a vacuum. The index of refraction is the inverse of this fraction. Thus, this number is great than or equal to 1. This index is also specific to light, so different light in different mediums have different indices. For example, here is a display panel of indicesMaterial IndexVacuum 1.00000Air at s.t.p. 1.00029Ice 1.31Water at 20 C 1.33 Acetone 1.36Ethyl alcohol 1.36 cultivated cabbage solution(30%)1.38Diamond 2.417So lets observe the effect of refraction in terms of rays. A ray strikes the surface between substance I and substance R. The weight down i between the incoming ray and the normal sender at the boundary is called the angle of incidence, and the angle r between the refracted ray and the normal vector on the opposite side is called the angle of refraction.This is related in the following law, called Snells Law ni ejaculate i = nr sin r. For red light in air hitting water this gives sin r = sin i/1.33Solving for Snells Law for r gives the relation r = arcsin (sin i/n)Explicit computationIn simple ray tracing, a ray originates at a point P at a directional vector v, which is of unit length. This is the narrow of all points P+tv where t is a non-negative scalar. When the ray hits the boundary between two different substances, it will refract, and begin a new ray.The m athematics of Bubbles in Beer Math CarbonationRefractionRefraction is what happens to light when it passes from one medium to another. For example, things appear differently from the bottom of a swimming pool than on the top. Simplistically, refraction is the bending of light. The explanation for this phenomenon, however, can be described with light as rays and light as waves. No matter the case, it is important to remember that the speed of light is constant in every homogeneous medium, regardless of shape, size or form.The index of refractionLight travels ( in certain substances ) at a fraction of the velocity if it travelled in a vacuum. The index of refraction is the inverse of this fraction. Thus, this number is greater than or equal to 1. This index is also specific to light, so different light in different mediums have different indices. For example, here is a table of indicesMaterial IndexVacuum 1.00000Air at STP 1.00029Ice 1 .31Water at 20 C 1.33Acetone 1.36Ethyl alcohol 1.36Sugar solution(30%)1.38Diamond 2.417So lets observe the effect of refraction in terms of rays. A ray strikes the surface between substance I and substance R. The angle i between the incoming ray and the normal vector at the boundary is called the angle of incidence, and the angle r between the refracted ray and the normal vector on the opposite side is called the angle of refraction.This is related in the following law, called Snells Law ni sin i = nr sin r. For red light in air hitting water this gives sin r = sin i/1.33Solving for Snells Law for r gives the relation r = arcsin (sin i/n)Explicit CalculationIn simple ray tracing, a ray originates at a point P at a directional vector v, which is of unit length. This is the set of all points P+tv where t is a non-negative scalar. When the ray hits the boundary between two different substances, it will refract, and begin a new ray.

Goals in the Movies Center Stage and Miracle Essay -- Films Movies

Goals in the Movies gist Stage and Miracle Dreams and goals are one affair that everyone has in common. Everyone has a day-dream or goal that they strive for whether it takes a couple days to accomplish, or a lifetime, everyone has at least one. The movies Center Stage and Miracle tell two different stories of triumph, using closing and the inner belief of oneself, to overcome the obstacles standing in the way of their dreams. In both of the movies they show that it takes a great pickle of effort and time to reach ones goals, but everyone can accomplish them as long as their minds are set on them. In the movie Center Stage there are many characters that are trying to live their dreams. It is about a group of young kids that tried out and made it into the best ballet academy. It shows the pain, heartbreak, and tears that it took them to discover themselves and follow their dreams. Jody Sawyer is the main character in the movie. She makes it into the academy but nobody understands how she got in. They all say that she has bad feet(Center Stage) and does non have the perfect body type (Center Stage). Jody makes herself practice hard and watches what she eats to get the appreciation that she deserves from her fellow ballet dancers and the instructors of the academy. She succeeds in doing this her determination and discipline compensable off. At the Companys final dance recital she gets a standing ovation from the whole crowd everyone was left in awe. Jody accomplished her dream in becoming an amazing ballet dancer. The movie Miracle deals with the dreams and ambitions of the United States Olympic ice hockey team. It is a true story about courage, and ambition that bakshis them... ...llet dancer. In this wonderful world, dreams and goals can be achieved one way or another. There is so much opportunity in this country for everyone to succeed. The main thing that people need to remember is that it ta kes time and effort. Anybody can be anything they want to be no matter what class they are in, how much money they have, or what their grandparents or parents do. It is up to the individual to set their minds to it. People plainly need to take advantage of all the great opportunities there are in this country. not everyone has this many opportunities to succeed, so they need not let it pass by. With all the great universities and jobs out there, there is no reason that people should be just standing on the streets with no money to buy food or shelter. A goal just needs to be set and then the determination and discipline comes next.

The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka Essay -- Metamorphosis Franz Kafka Es

The Metamorphosis by Franz KafkaI have chosen The Metamorphosis as my subject for this paper I will restoration a close look at how the death of Gregor Samsa opens the doors to understanding the story. I will give examples of irony through Gregors metamorphosis and how this irony brings in concert the conclusion of the story. Through his death we see the truth behind his parents, which in its self is ironic. It is difficult to pinpoint one specific thing to indite about in the story there are just so many things that can be brought to light. If I happen to lose sight of my paper bear with me, there is just so much to be discussed in the novella. In the opening lines of the story we are drawn into climax of the story. We are introduced to the important character, Gregor Samsa, and he has been transformed from a human to a bug. Gregor gives a long description of his looks and how he is trying to maneuver around. One peculiar thing is he does not panic, ironically he is more concern ed with getting to work and hiding himself from his family. He is a hard working man that supports his parents and sister. The notion that he takes care of them seems to slip by the reader in the beginning of the story and does come up again until the end of the story. It is only then that everyone must go out a do something to support the familyWe finally see at end of the story how useful Gregor was to his family. By using the word useful I mean how many things he could be used for...

Evil being Dr Jekyll’s alter ego Mr Hyde Essay

In each of us, two natures are at war- the good and the abuse. both our lives the fight goes on between them one must conquer. But in our own hands lies the power to choose- What we want most to be we are (Robert Louis Stevenson. Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde 1885)Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde natural in 1850 into a middle class family in Edinburgh, Robert Louis Stevensons Father expected his son to follow in the family tradition and become an engineer. Stevenson, however had some other ideas. He was fascinated by literature, but to please his family he studied law, yet he never practised as a lawyer fulfilling his ambition to become a writer.Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde was a product of Robert Louis Stevenson life. Stevensons childhood was blighted by illness and as a result he spent frequently of his time at home under the care of his much loved nurse Alison Cunningham who t doddering him stories of ghosts, body snatchers and heaven and hell. Stevenson as a result became fascinated by the idea of g ood and evil in every person. Stevensons ill health continued for most of his life and as a result he took laudanum and morphine as well as cocaine for chest problems and depression, other factors which may well have affected his life style and his writing.The Stevensons family home was in Edinburgh, but as he grew he travelled more and further, London, Bournemouth, France and the continent. Stevensons choice of London as the setting for Jekyll and Hyde was the result of the innate social divide he witnessed there, the wealth and poverty been vividly displayed. The wealthy affluent London being safe similar the character of Dr Jekyll whilst areas of social loss were constantly under treat of crime evil and disease, evil being Dr Jekylls alter ego Mr HydeThis essay bequeath discuss how the Victorians viewed their rapidly expanding cities. It will also explore how Stephenson uses contrasting scenes and put up descriptions to portray good and evil.As a result of the industrial rev olution Victorian Britain saw a spacious movement of people from the countryside to major cities. Hugh numbers of houses were built to accommodate these people, but towns quickly became over crowded and unhealthy places. Filthy conditions and the spread of disease was attract amongst the poor and working classes. There was high unemployment and no suffrage for the poor, as a result the middle classes entangle a revolution was imminent and felt fearful.Robert Louis Stevenson illustrates a divided city in Mr Utterson and Mr Enfields Sunday walk through the streets of London. They travel through a sm altogether quite street, it is described using metaphors like a fire in the forest indicating this street is well kept, a sharp contrast to others in the area, the shutters are described as freshly painted, the brasses well-polished and mostly clean. This indicates that the inhabitants here are doing well. And yet at the corner of the same street stands a two story build.The building has only a door on the lower storey, the lack of windows indicating this building has something to hide. It is described as baring the features and marks of prolonged neglect. Stevenson uses the words sinister and sordid to describe this building. The fact that a building of such neglect stands on the same street as the affluent properties gives the reader the sense that everything is not going to be as it first appears in this novel. Stevenson uses this description of a affluence street with the uncharacteristic building an unlikely feature of this street, to prepare the reader for the dual character of Dr Jeklyl on the surface a good respectable person, who is able to turn into a alter ego the evil cruel Mr Hyde.Weather descriptions are used by Stevenson in The Carew slaughter Case to depict the depraved nature of Mr Hydes character. The maid in the opening paragraph witnesses the murder of Carew. Stevenson uses graphic detail in his description of the weather on this night to cr eate the atmosphere and set the scene.The association between lightness and goodness is clear the night is described as been cloudless and lit by a full moon. The moon light on Carews face allows the maid to see his face, which she describes as pleasing to watch, a face breathing innocence and old world kindness. His beauty and innocence giving the impression of goodness. This description of Carew makes his fate all the more shocking and sets the scene for the dramatic piece when the maid witnesses the reddened murder of Carew by Mr Hyde. Hyde is described by the maid as the complete opposite to Carew, a man she had previously conceived to dislike having an animalistic appearance.Stevenson continues to use weather descriptions to create a sense of foreboding as Mr Utterson travels through the streets of London to the home of Mr Hyde. Though it is nine in the dawning the weather is described as foggy like a great chocolate coloured pall lowered over heaven and dark like the back e nd of morning, the use of fog and darkness implies a veil to hide and conceal evil. He continues saying that the fog is broken up yet for a moment giving a haggard shaft of day light this being only a brief relieve from the mournful reinvasion of darkness, reinforcing the idea of evil doings and the sorrow associated with this. By using weather descriptions in this way the city of London clearly becomes a dramatic backdrop for Hydes crimes.Victorian decree was stricictly religious and therefore encouraged people to hide their sins and repress their desires. In this novel Stevenson offered Victorian society not only a psychological abhorrence but a recognision that there is evil inside all of us, not perhaps to the extremes of Jekyll and Hyde but there is a side we hide, a suggestion that we all have a dual personalityStevenson uses symbolism to create powerful images, for example doors are tradionally powerful and mysterious symbols they represent public and private spheres, thing s hush-hush and reveales. Stevenson refers to doors five times in the opening chapter of this novel. What is also relevant is that the Victorians had a front door /back door rule the front door represented repectability so only those considered important and of high social status entered though the front door. The back door was used for those considered socially inferior, like servants. Stevenson uses this rule to mark Hydess social inferiority as he is not admitted through the front door of Jekylls home. What is significant here is that although the reader knows Jekyll and Hydeare one and the same, when Jekyll becomes the depraved Hyde he is evil and socially inferior, a lesson in immorility?

Bad Debts

As long as companies make sales by credit there will always remain bad debts. Forecasting for bad debts is not easy. The value of bad debts can remain consistent everywhere time and some issues or circumstances could change that and hence increase the pile of bad debt.To get an understanding of bad debts one has to know the many a(prenominal) variables as possible, inside and outside, that comport an effect on bad debt. Meaning of Accrual numbering An accounting method that measures the performance of a company by taking into account the economic events regardless of when cash transactions occur.The Accrual method of accounting is about matching revenues when they are earned against expenses associated with those revenues e. g. , under aggregation accounting, if a business receives a bill, that bill is treated as an expense even though it has not been paid. In the same manner, if a customer is account for an x amount, that bill is counted as income even though the payment has not been received yet. Accrual accounting is considered to be the norm for standard accounting with nearly companies, with the exception of very small operations.This method provides a more accurate picture of the companys current condition, but its relative complexity makes it more expensive to implement. This is the setback of cash accounting, which recognizes transactions only when there is an exchange of cash. The various ways of estimating bad-debts are as follows i. Allowance method One way companies derive an count for the value of bad debts under the allowance method is to calculate bad debts as a percentage of the accounts receivable balance. ii. Aging method The longer an account balance is overdue, the less likely the debt is to be paid.Therefore, many companies maintain an accounts receivable aging schedule, which categorizes each customers credit purchase by the length of time they have been outstanding. iii. Percentage of credit sales method Some companies estimate bad debts as a percentage of credit sales. If a company has done $500,000 in credit sales during an accounting period and if company records estimate that an average of 1% in credit sales become uncollectible, then an adjustment admittance is passed at the end of the accounting period by debiting bad debts expense for $5,000 and credits an allowance for bad debts for $5,000.

Professional Development Opportunities Essay

NAYCE (National Association for the Education of Young Children) http//www.naeyc.org NAYCE is a vast among the Early Childhood Education. The programmes feed knowledgeable data to Early Childhood teachers. Teachers can become a member and go to many Expos and Conference to meet other teachers and program directors. NAYCE also have educational books online for teachers to develop more learning into their classroom and curriculum.CAT (Creative Art Team)- http//www.creativeartsteam.org/professional-development/professional-development/early-childhood-professional-development-initiativ The CAT website provides an Early Childhood Professional Development Initiative workshop for mentoring teachers. The schools who wish to move into for the workshop will have five days of in-services for students, in class mentoring and coaching with four teachers, on site staff development and second-five hours professional development with CAT. The workshop is free for all teachers who are interested to join.Collaborative for Children- www.collabforchildren.org/training-child-care-providers The Collaborative for Children is a learning development for teachers in the surrounding Houston theatre and online for all Early Childhood teachers. The professional development programs offer Early Childhood Training Courses with the cost of $12.00. The Collaborative is part of Texas Agrilife Extension Service, an educational means of the Texas A&M System. New York Early Childhood Professional Development Institute- http//www.earlychildhoodnyc.org/ New York Early Childhood Professional Development Institute offers many programs to realise new awareness in New York City. The Institute offers on site coaching, professional development, and technical assistance also CDA programs for aspiring childcare workers. These programs are functional with parents and teachers to develop healthy and learning children.Early Learning Leaders-http//www.earlylearningleaders.org/?page=Professional The webs ite contains Early Care Professional Training and Education for child care administrators. The program enriches childcare directors into learning and developing new programs into their childcare program home base. There are weekly webinars and sessions for each learning development.

Second Foundation 10. Approaching Crisis

A week had passed on the Second Foundation, and the First Speaker was smiling once again upon the Student.You must have brought me interesting results, or you would non be so filled with anger.The Student put his hand upon the sheaf of calculating paper he had brought with him and said, Are you sure that the problem is a factual one?The premises are true. I have distorted nothing.Then I must accept the results, and I do not lack to.Naturally. tho what have your wants to do with it? Well, tell me what disturbs you so. No, no, put your derivations to one side. I will subject them to analysis afterward. Meanwhile, talk to me. Let me judge your understanding.Well, then, Speaker It becomes real apparent that a gross overall change in the basic psychology of the First Foundation has taken place. As long as they knew of the macrocosm of a Seldon Plan, without knowing any of the details thereof, they were confident but uncertain. They knew they would succeed, but they didnt know when o r how. There was, therefore, a continuous atmosphere of tension and nervous strain which was what Seldon desired. The First Foundation, in other words, could be counted upon to work at maximum potential.A doubtful metaphor, said the First Speaker, but I understand you.But now, Speaker, they know of the existence of a Second Foundation in what amounts to detail, rather merely than as an ancient and vague statement of Seldons. They have an inkling as to its function as the guardian of the Plan. They know that an agency exists which watches their every step and will not let them fall. So they abandon their purposeful stride and lease themselves to be carried upon a litter. Another metaphor, Im afraid.Nevertheless, go on.And that very abandonment of effort that growing inertia that lapse into softness and into a decadent and hedonistic culture, authority the ruin of the Plan. They must be self-propelled.Is that all?No, there is more. The majority reaction is as described. But a grea t probability exists for a minority reaction. experience of our guardianship and our control will rouse among a few, not complacence, but hostility. This follows from Korillovs Theorem-Yes, yes. I know the theorem.Im sorry, Speaker. It is difficult to avoid mathematics. In any case, the effect is that not only is the Foundations effort diluted, but part of it is turned against us, actively against us.And is that all?There remains one other factor of which the probability is moderately low- very good. What is that?While the energies of the First Foundation were directed only to Empire while their only enemies were huge and outmoded hulks that remained from the shambles of the past, they were obviously concerned only with the somatic sciences. With us forming a new, large part of their environment, a change in view may well be imposed on them. They may turn up to become psychologists-That change, said the First Speaker, coolly, has already taken place.The Students lips compressed t hemselves into a pale line. Then all is over. It is the basic incompatibility with the Plan. Speaker, would I have know of this if I had lived outside?The First Speaker spoke seriously, You feel humiliated, my young man, because, thinking you understood so much so well, you suddenly find that galore(postnominal) very apparent things were unknown to you. Thinking you were one of the Lords of the Galaxy you suddenly find that you stand near to destruction. Naturally, you will resent the ivory tower in which you lived the seclusion in which you were educated the theories on which you were reared.I once had that feeling. It is normal. Yet it was necessary that in your formative years you have no direct soupcon with the Galaxy, that you remain here, where all knowledge is filtered to you, and your mind carefully sharpened. We could have shown you this this part-failure of the Plan earlier and spared you the shock now, but you would not have understood the significance properly, as you now will. Then you find no solution at all to the problem?The Student shook his head and said hopelessly, NoneWell, it is not surprising. pick up to me, young man. A course of action exists and has been followed for over a decade. It is not a usual course, but one that we have been forced into against our will. It involves low probabilities, heavy assumptions We have even been forced to deal with individual reactions at times, because that was the only possible way, and you know that Psychostatistics by its very nature has no meaning when apply to less than planetary numbers.Are we succeeding? gasped the Student.Theres no way of telling yet. We have kept the situation stable so far but for the premier time in the history of the Plan, it is possible for the unexpected actions of a single individual to destroy it. We have adjusted a minimum number of outsiders to a needful state of mind we have our agents but their paths are planned. They dare not improvise. That should be obv ious to you. And I will not conceal the surpass if we are discovered, here, on this world, it will not only be the Plan that is destroyed, but ourselves, our physical selves. So you see, our solution is not very good.But the pocket-size you have described does not sound like a solution at all, but like a desperate guess.No. Let us say, an intelligent guess.When is the crisis, Speaker? When will we know whether we have succeeded or not?Well within the year, no doubt.The Student considered that, then nodded his head. He shook detainment with the Speaker. Well, its good to know.He turned on his heel and left.The first Speaker looked out silently as the window gained transparency. Past the giant structures to the quite, crowding stars.A year would pass quickly. Would any of them, any of Seldons heritage, be alive at its end?

Criminal Justice Theories Essay

A brilliant philosopher once remarked that adult male is by nature good. Evil, according to him is the result of ignorance or the lack of knowledge. When crime is extractted it is because of the limitation and taint of his present knowledge. Though it may be true that no man is morally corrupt by nature, Socrates explanation of the presence of crime and evil in our society does not suffice to answer the question why people offend and commit crime. Why is it that even the highest ranking CEOs of multinational companies manage to distinguish money from their investors and stockholders?It does not inform why even educated people become criminal offenders and violators of the law. This could only mean that there is more to crime than reasonable the goodness or badness of the individual. It is because of this reason that Sociologists have turned to other causes or factors that may influence human behavior into committing crimes. This has resulted in several theories attempting to a pologise crime and deviance. These theories atomic number 18 Social Control Theory and Labeling Theory which will be discussed in this essay.Social Control Theory proceeds from the assumption that man is by nature delinquent and is capable of committing crimes. Instinct drives human behavior to commit crime. Travis Hirschi, the proponent of Social Control Theory, asserts that despite mans inclinations to commit crime, it can be controlled and his behavior can be regulated so as to make man aline to certain social rules or laws. He says that this could be done by strengthening mans social bonds with the people around him. These social bonds include addment, commitment, involvement and belief.The unanimouser these social bonds are, the more perpetrate a person is to conventional activities and the greater his attachments to his parents and friends, the less same(p)ly it is that he will suck in delinquent behavior. Conversely, once this social bond is debased then it is likely that individuals will engaged in delinquent behavior. (Reginald J. Alston, 1995, p. 3) Thus, according to E. A. Ross the most effective means for controlling and regulating behavior is not the ordinance of laws and the threats of punishment but the belief and value systems that helps man go after with the rules.Labeling Theory Labeling Theory did not give much attention to crimes but to the labels that people attach to certain individuals or to certain acts. For example all people have at one time violated rules. But not all persons are tagged as criminals. Only those people who are actually caught or whose unnatural acts are disclosed to the public that are considered criminals. A person who is labeled as a criminal begins to think of himself as a criminal and begins to associate with other deviants thus reinforcing the stigma that society attaches to deviants.According to the results of a bailiwick conducted by Mike S. Adams (2003) perceived damaging labels were related to increased involvement in self-reported delinquent behavior. The study also showed that teachers and peer groups are important sources of negative labels which can lead to the adoption of a deviant self-concept. (p. 4) Labeling Theory states that the labels we apply to certain individuals have a significant influence his behavior. It is natural to classify or categorize things the problem with this is that the people do not realize the negative unintended effects of these labels.There are times when this labeling could scare a person and help him or her conform to the norms of the society. But most of the time labeling has the effect of pushing the person farther away from the society. The effect of this is that the person loses interest in conforming to the laws. He then places himself in the shoes, so to speak, of the label that society has imposed and he acts in such a way that is consistent with his label. compare and ContrastThe first point of comparison between these two theor ies is that they some(prenominal) acknowledge the societys influence on human behavior. In the faux pas of Social Control Theory, socialization and inter follow up with other members of the society helps in regulating human behavior so as to make man conform to and obey social rules. It reduces mans propensity to engage in deviant behavior. On the other hand, Labeling Theory affirms the societys influence on the way a person sees himself and the way he thinks and behaves.Negative perception of the society leads to negative behavior on his part. The second point of comparison is that both these theories see the individual as the result of his interaction with the community. In the case of Social Control Theory, man is defined by his relationships with other, his commitments, values, norms and beliefs. If he has a strong bond with the society it is likely that he will conform to existing rules or laws but if this bond is weak then he becomes more unguarded to committing deviances a nd crimes.On the other hand, in Labeling Theory, the individuals construction of self-identity is seen as a result of his interaction with the members of his community and the way others perceive him. (Craig Calhoun p. 1) If he is judged and labeled by the society as a criminal then it is likely that he will think of himself as a criminal and act like one. . These two theories can be distinguished in the sense that Social Control Theory focuses on the reason why some people lodge and conform to existing rules.It is not actually a theory that explains why people commit crime but it explains the reasons why some people obey the laws. (Paul Delfabbro, 2004, p. 4) On the other hand, Labeling Theory focuses on why people commit crimes. It does not explain why some people obey laws but it does explain why some of us commit crimes. Another distinction is that Labeling Theory is a political rather than a sociological attempt to explain deviant behavior since political relations within the society have so much to do with the giving of labels.It does not deal with the morality of human action but rather it deals with the effects of the attitudes and perceptions of people and defines criminals not as evil persons who engage in wrong acts but as individuals who had a criminal status placed upon them by both the criminal justice system and the community at large. (Overview of Labeling Theories) Conclusion The theory which best explains the reason why people engage in delinquent behavior is the Social Control Theory. Not only that it explains why crime does happen in the society but it also provides for the reply to this problem.This theory supports the proposition that a punitive model of our justice system is not an effective solution to crime. Due attention must be condition to alternative forms of response to crime such as giving more focus on rehabilitation and social integration. It would be better if the state or else of allocating millions of dollars for our pen al system to allocate some of this money to educating parents and strengthening of communities by means of various sports and recreational program for the youth.

Mobile phones: A blessing or a curse? Essay

Its been years since someone had to look for sp atomic number 18 change in their pocket to gift a call out on the street from a pay phone, suck up we forgotten that mobile phones are somehow a blessing? The question here is whether mobile phones are a blessing or a curse. According to the 2013 mobile growth statistics 91% of all people in the world have mobile phones and 56% own a smart phone, also according to mobile growth statistics the average age of owning a mobile phone direct is 13. There are over 1.2 billion people accessing the WEB from their mobile devices and 28.85% of emails are being accessed through mobile phones.So basically humans lately have been living through their phones on a daily basis. Mobile phones have be come down a necessity in our everyday lives, whether for business, education, emergency, pleasure and so forth Mobile phones have been under constant development and upgrade since they were first invented. Today most people have mobile phones, which don t come close to resembling the first mobile phones, which were just a mean of communication with very little variety. A phone is no longer an electronic telephone book its a mobile phone, computer, reminder, calendar, radio etc.Like any other product mobile phones have advantages and disadvantages, and this is why we ask ourselves whether its a blessing or a curse. However as a consumer of mobile phones I would say it is a bit of both. The advantages of having a smart phone are dependable, what I mean by dependable is that I can actually depend on my phone which might seem like technology is devising us into lazy human beings but its not. We educate ourselves we try to make everything as easy as possible so we can enjoy breeding. So what a smart phone does is that it helps me keep my life in order, and we do so by having applications that help with ordering things online, having reminders, alarm clocks, social media, the news, having applications to connect with deep loved ones and of course applications that help with boredom. We now have all of this at the tip of our fingers, at the touch of one button making life to a greater extent comfortable.We also consider mobile phones a curse, mobile phones have so much to offer and having so much can become distracting and time consuming. I often find myself lost in another world with my phone pinned to my face, just jumping from one application to another surfing the web and I also get easily distracted when my phone keeps on beeping with notifications, text messages and updates. People have a lot of accidents while checking their phones for text messages, calling someone or just checking whos doing what on social media.It has been one of the two major causes for accidents in Europe and America, just following driving under the crop of alcohol. Another big issue we are facing nowadays is the fact that were not facing people while having a conversation were actually facing our phones. This is a problem because we seem to be caught up more in the virtual world quite a than the real one, which will make us regret a lot of things in the future.One has to realize and become aware of the bewitcherys a smart phone can offer, its meant to make life easier not more complicating. So smart phones are both a blessing and a curse its the consumer that decides whether it will become a distraction or a gadget that will just make things easier. The mobile phone will then be a perk to your life rather than being a burden and a time consuming device.Citations MLA formatHepburn, Aden. Infographic 2013 Mobile Growth Statistics Digital Buzz Blog. 2013 Mobile Growth Statistics. N.p., 1 Oct. 2013. Web. 03 Sept. 2014. .

Advanced English

Malaysian born Azrul Mohd Khalib writes frequently on issues affecting his native land. He is currently working in the issues relate on HIV/AIDS, switch on and human rights. He has written many clauses in one of the daily email news website c altogethered The Malaysian Insider. His articles have also appe ard in the Malaysiakini, the article Baby-Dumping violent death the mothers wont solve any problem, Ramadan a time to be considerate, Law still fuzzy on marital mar as well as non impossible for teens to be having enkindle and etc. He has currently runs and battling an addiction to the A Song of Ice and arouse book series.Azrul Mohd Khalib has written many articles in the Malaysiakini in its letters segmentation. The Malaysiakini is a political news website that has been widely considered to be one of the leading non- brass owned paid-news agencies in Malaysia. Its news coverage concentrates mainly on local events, with a strong emphasis on items related to Malaysian politi cs, and also publishes columns, readers opinions in its letters section which claims to practice an editorial policy that is consistently supportive of justice, human rights, democracy, freedom of speech and good governance.And now the Malaysiakini is a voice of reasoned discussion on the letters section and not an exercising excessive editorial control on letters section. Summary The article emphasize the teenaged gestation period in Malaysia is continuously increasing from year to year and many teenage girls lost their lives because of resulting from maternalism and not provide them necessary support for those in need. Teenage gestation has no self-righteousness and despised by the citizenry and how they look at them to pretend them, neglect to provide help that actu all in ally they are the victims of the issues.The pen mentioned happens to teenage pregnancy in social environment and provides his personal opinions to solve the teenage pregnancy problems. According to the M inistry of Health (MOH) registers that many of the young people involved in the pregnancy. withal that, MOHs field show that some of the teenage pregnancy will carry her own burden and end up on the statistics of the MOH. MOHs radical also shows that some of the girls chose to commit suicide because of the cost of their lives. On the other hand, the author suggests providing the sexual reproductive health services for not just those who are married.Analysis of the presentation The author is referring to Ministry of Health (MOH) historys and attended his recent discussion which focuses on teenage pregnancy in Malaysia to present his allude of view. He was not agree to look for people to blame them and outraged when read the reports of babies found buried and will moan about lack of religious and moral fibre, from the plosive of view of this sentence, it is show that this happens cigaretnot be blame to those pregnancy of teenage and should find out the solutions to solve the p roblem.He support his point of view by self-aggrandising the evidence, These girls are victims of an environment created due to our continued neglect of issues relating to sexual health such as ensuring the availability of proper sexual reproductive health fosterage and services. The author state that the weaknesses of our social which aim to punish and harm but lack to provide necessary support for those in need. The authors point of view is that our social lack of providing the necessary support to the teenage pregnancy.The author support his point of view by giving several evidence, which is We allow people who call for hatred, discrimination and abuse on people who are gay or lesbian to give speeches to our students at schools but refuse entry to educators who twaddle about sex education and teaching things like how to use a condom. The author also giving the evidence that proved his point of view, which is The exploding numbers related to teenage pregnancy is a direct resu lt of our societys failure to acknowledge and address our blinkered views of sex. The author state the weaknesses of our social that no government healthcare facility offers abortion services for unwanted pregnancies or even condoms and sexual health information for singles and unmarried couples. From the point of view of this sentence, it is show that there is very few places turn to support and shelter those young women. The author state that reality of social culture in Malaysia has ready to judge for the teenage pregnancy mistake.The author support his point of view with several evidence, which there are more girls and teenagers living in fear as a result of an unwanted pregnancy. Most of them will increasingly resort to unsafe abortion and DIY attempts to force a miscarriage. The author suggested underage marriage in the misdirect and simplistic belief will solve the problem and this is better thing than being outside marriage. For the authors point of view, the underage marr ied quarter hide the problem.Also, the authors point of view, there is another method which is religious convictions to improve the case of teenager pregnant. From the authors point of view, sex education may confuse to the children with the complex messages. The author show several evidence to support his point of view, which is When I grew up, I didnt need all of this and I was still able to live, marry and have kids, a frequently comment from detractors of sex education. The author also suggested an powerful way to improve the problem by providing relevant sexual reproductive health services. The authors point of view, not just provide to those who are married but for all the young people. Authors tone is recounting and invoking because he proves a lot of evidence to show that he really knows about the teenage pregnancy and he provide the solutions for teenage pregnancy from this article. Thus, our country should take a step and refer the facts and ways from this article to sol ve the problems of teenage pregnancy in our country.Response The authors argument is practical and valid due to the authors argument is logical and well-reasoned. In the article, the author uses the information from MOH report and the recent discussion about the causes of teenage pregnancy in Malaysia can proved that the author knew the situation of teenage pregnancy and narrates the problems in this country. Thus, he supports it by referring to his research which he more works on sex and human rights issues. The authors argument is not objective enough to discuss the problem.He only narrates the role of teenage pregnancy happens in this country and not provide strong enough negative arguments to debate his own opinion. Besides that, the author wrote several causes in this article. He approached the causes happens and he described with the example of imagination. Apart from that, the author knew that the world is realistic to dealing with this issue of sex. He supports it by referr ing the MOH report and news from nowadays and the case happens to the young girls who went to commit suicide.Even though the article is not objective enough, however, the author provide the information is sufficient to entice the readers, education system, parents and government which not only belief in their own personal religious conviction, but government have to take an action to better the teenage pregnancy. The argument is credible because the author, Azrul Mohd Khalib,his essays have generally posted in the MalaysiaKini, The MalaysianInsider, and The New Strait Times. He had works for sex and human rights issues for many years. This article was released at Monday, 12 of Nov 2012 in the Malaysian Insider.Malaysian Insider is a website that covers the issues of the day, politics, business, lifestyle, sports and entertainment that showcasing issues and opinions of reports analyses view to us. Besides that, the author uses his works on sex issues in dour time research experien ces, Ministry of Health reports and recent discussion of this issue that prove the evidence in the article, which show that the authors argument is credible enough to the audience and has the experience of reporting the sex and human rights issues. Conclusion In conclusion, this article has been well written by the author and has high reliability.As a reader, I think that this article is very useful especially for the government, parents and education system to concern about the socials role in the teenage pregnancy problems happens in our surrounding. I would like to recommend this article to several intended audience like teachers and schools and government because they are the main person can solve those socials role in the teenage pregnancy problems in the future. After reading this article, government should be able to provide effective solutions and trying their best in several ways to help teenage pregnancy in social life problems.

Andres Bonifacio: Story of Life Essay

Bonifacio was the son of Santiago Bonifacio and Catalina de Castro in Tondo, Manila, and was the eldest of five children.7 His arrest was a tailor who served as a tenyente mayor of Tondo, Manila, while his mother was a mestiza born of a Spanish father and a Filipino-Chinese mother who worked at a cigarette factory. As was custom, upon baptism he was named for the ideal on whose feast he was born, Andrew the Apostle. Bonifacios universal schooling was cut short when he dropped out to support his siblings after both their parents died of illness. He sold canes and paper fans he made himself and made posters for art firms. In his late teens, he worked as a mandatory for the British trading firm Fleming and Company, where he rose to become a corregidor of tar, rattant and other goods.He later transferred to Fressell and Company, a German trading firm, where he worked as a bodeguero (storehouse worker). Bonifacio was also a part-time actor who performed in moro-moro plays. Not finish ing his normal education, Bonifacio was self-educated. He read books about the French Revolution, biographies of the Presidents of the United States, books about contemporary Philippine penal and civilised codes, and novels such as Victor Hugos Les Misrables, Eugne Sues Le Juif errant and Jos Rizals Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo. Aside from Tagalog and Spanish, he could speak a little English, learnt from his working for J.M. Fleming and Co.8 Bonifacio was married twice, first to a certain Monica who died of leprosy. He then married Gregoria de Jess of Caloocan in 1893.They had one son named Andrs who died in infancy of smallpox (Chickenpox). In 1892 he joined Rizals La Liga Filipina, an organisation which called for political straighten out in the colonial government of the Philippines. However, La Liga disbanded after only one meeting as Rizal was arrested and deported to Dapitan in Mindanao. Bonifacio, Apolinario Mabini and others revived La Liga in Rizals absence and B onifacio was active at organising local chapters in Manila. La Liga Filipina contributed moral and financial support to Propaganda Movement Filipino reformists in Spain.

Developing yourself as an effective HR Practitioner Essay

Briefly summarise the CIPD Profession Map (i.e. the core pass detect regions, the specialist professional subject fields, the bands and behaviours)In this report I get out summarise the CIPD Profession Map which is make up of Ten schoolmaster body politics, Eight Behaviours and Four piles.The two core Professional AreasInsights, Strategy and Solutions This ara of the typify concentrates on developing an understanding and prioritising the direction of the organisation. Leading HR Shaping and driving themselves and former(a) employees to hit the hay a valued service to the organisation. The Professional Areas are made up ofOrganisation externalise This area of the map out concentrates on shaping the organisation structure to the business needs. Organisation Development This area of the map concentrates on developing skills and schooling of all employees to build a strong team. Resourcing and endowment fund prep This area of the map concentrates on identifying and de veloping talent within the organisation, seeing where the need is for new talent within the organisation, making sure the survival of the business continues to grow. Learning and Development This area of the map concentrates on developing employees knowledge and skill in all levels of the business.Performance and reward This area of the map concentrates on recognising performance and experience of all employees by rewarding them. Employee Engagement This area of the map concentrates on insuring employees engage with each otherwise and their go at divers(prenominal) levels through the organisation. Employee Relations This area of the map concentrates on retentivity accurate records, supporting employees at all levels and rewarding employees in performance. Service economy and Information This area of the map concentrates on delivering accurate nurture to the client within an hold succession frame within an agreed cost.Eight BehavioursCurious New ideas wanting to update technology and training needs. Decisive Thinker cosmos able to analyse knowledge and identify solutions. Skilled Influencer The ability to make up hotshots mind guests in the direction of organisation needs. Personally Credible Delivers and builds HR expertise to add value to the organisation. cooperative Cooperation between departments making positive contri plainlyion to the organisation. Driven to Deliver Being able to deliver a service on time within budget by prioritising agreed tasks and goals. Courage to Challenge Being able to challenge by specking skilfully when confronted with challenging situations. Role Model Respected by other employees by using integrity and t dress being able to deliver a solid service. Encourages others to act in the same way.The Bands are made up of four levels Starting atBand maven Entry Level. Focusing on being accurate and flexible on collecting and providing data to the customer. Band Two Advisory Level. Leading and advising ind ividuals and teams, understanding issues when they arise and resolving them quickly and professionally. Band Three consultant Level. Addressing and leading all HR challenges providing ideas and solutions, analysing risks. Band Four Leadership Colleague / Coach. Coaching and leading, developing strategies and plans for the customer needs.Comment on the activates and knowledge specified within any 1 professional area, at all band 1 or band 2, identifying those you consider most essential to your own (or other identify ) HR/L&D Role. I will select one Band and one Professional area which I consider most essential to my current employment. Band 1 and Service saving and Information as the Professional Area. In my employment I have to have a devolve idea of what the government note passenger cars and fourth-year Managers want me to deliver. As listed in Band 1, Listening to them and asking the properly questions understanding their needs, getting a time frame on when they want i t to be delivered is essential. Its gives me a crap picture of what training I have to collate using the technology provided this saving time when delivering the information to them. Keeping the channels of communication open is essential in case of delays or other customer complaints that arise. Activity 22.1Understanding customer needs (including examples of 3 unlike customers and 1 need for each, and relieve how you would prioritise conflicting needs) In this activity I have chosen three customers, module, breeze Managers and Senior Managers with reference to my own role I will identify their needs and prioritise conflicting needs.Staff Pay QueriesIf a member of staff comes to the HR part with a Pay Query the HR Department must deal with the query within an allotted time. In the beau monde I spend a penny for this time is 48hrs from the time of receiving a pay query. The next step of the process is to talk to the Line Manager to identify where there might be a problem, i f this is to do with hours. This will then be passed on to the Payroll department to be rectified, the member of staff will be notified by email or phone call of the progress of the query. If this cannot be resolved by theses means the employee and the line manager will be asked to come to a meeting to discuss the query. Not resolving pay issues in an agreed time frame, can lead to low moral within your employees and give a negative receipt to the HR Department.Line Managers PerformanceAt the Company I work for the HR Department is pass along by the Line Managers to be responsible for monitoring performance of all employees and reporting back to them if an employee waterfall below the agreed target. This has to be done daily and weekly depending on what department the employee is from, to keep the persistency of production flowing and reducing problems later on. Without the HR Department doing this as requested by the Line Managers the quality and productivity could be dropped if this is not monitored. This is essential for the business to constitute technical quality produce for the external customer thus reducing customer complaints.The HR Department would have to prioritise this service. If an employee has been determine that has fallen below the set target, they will work alongside with the Line Manager and agree what rails of action should be taken i.e. Would the employee benefit from more training and what type, bearing in mind this would be an extra cost (has a budget been put in business office for retraining employees) has theemployee performance dropped collectable to other circumstance, this would all have to be investigated. The employee would then be invited to attend a meeting with their Line Manager and a member from the Hr Department to discuss this. Senior Managers Labour and BudgetsAt the Company I work for the Senior Managers puts together a Labour and Budget plan at the low gear of the year, for the amount of staff they will ne ed each month. This plan is then given to the HR Department to recruit the right amount of staff on budget within the agreed time frame. The HR Department would have to prioritise this plan if they did not it would have a detrimental effect on the business no employees no product no business.The conflicting needs of all the different customers at any one time would have to be prioritised in order, for example Senior Managers requesting information would ordinarily come first over other customers. Line Managers would then come second leaving the Employee last, but is this right does this mean the employee is less regarded in the organisation. No this should not be the case no depicted object what position you are in. Its about prioritising what needs to be done first, not what level you work at. This may mean extending your delivery time within an agreed time frame with other customers, keeping channels of communication open with them until you can deliver the service to them.2.2Ef fective communication (include examples of 3 different communication methods and the advantages and disadvantages of each) Daily / Weekly MeetingThe advantage of having a daily or weekly meetings is that a manager from each department usually attends a meeting discussing what will be happening or if there have any problems that need to be aired with other colleagues. This keeps communication following. The disadvantage of this, is some other colleague would have to cover the managers work, while doing their own. Putting pressure on themselves to deliver their own work. Also information may not get passed down to other workers or the information may get distorted causing problems later on.SkypeThe advantage of using Skype that you can conduct meetings or interviewswith other sites and conduct interviews this would save on travel costs. The disadvantage of using Skype is if you are in an area with a poor signal. Newsletter MonthlyAdvantage A monthly newsletter is a good way of comm unication to employees especially to the ones that dont have a company email or attend a regular meetings on what is happening in other departments on different sites. At the company I work for our newsletter is divided up into four theatrical role on what is happening and what is going to happen this usually starts with Operations Directors talking about whats happening on their sites. It then moves on to Hellos & Goodbyes announcing who has left and who has joined the Company and what department and position they are in.As well an email being sent out about a new employee first this gives other employees a chance to know new faces. A Birthday or Celebration section has also been added. The last section is about Who Are We getting to know an employee each month. These newsletter is connected to the payslips monthly. The disadvantage of printing individual newsletters is the Cost depending on how many employees you have this could be high, the alternative is to place this on a no tice board for all employees to see.2.3Effective service delivery (include delivering service on time, delivering service on budget, dealing with nasty customers, handling and resolving complaints. The way to build and maintain an trenchant service delivery fast and professional, is to have a set procedure in place of Who does whatHas a time frame been put in place to respond, are you in receipt of all information to deal with this Request / Complaint. If you receive a complaint are you appropriately trained to deal with difficult customers. Keep the channels of communication open to all customer needs by the ways of a Phone Call, Email or a Letter or invite them to a one to one meeting. This all helps to keep the customer informed and make them feel valued. Interview the customer, identify key bits of the complaint, do you need to interview anyone else. All these factors need to be addressed to avoid a lengthily move out process. Any delay could prevent the Company from havinga successful result. What is it going to cost, is it within the budget.The key is to keep the channel of communication open, inform customers straight away of changes that may affect them. If there is a complaint react straight away.BibliographyACAS. Workplace relations the key to better UK productivity Sir Brendan Barber. Available at http//www.acas.org.uk/index.aspx?articleid=5169Accessed (25 February 2015)ACAS. Top tips for better management. Available athttp//www.acas.org.uk/index.aspx?articleid=2966Accessed (12 February 2015)CIPD. CIPD Profession Map. Available athttp//www.cipd.co.uk/cipd-hr-profession/profession-map/Accessed (21 December 2014)Martin, M and Whiting, F (2013) Human Resource Practice. 6th Edition. London Chartered Institute of Personal and Development.

Introduction to the World of Retailing

Chapter 01 Introduction to the military personnel of RetailingMultiple Choice Questions1. (p. 6) What is grocery storeing? A. It is the selling comp unrivalednt of the sell mix. B. It is the discipline of business activities that adds prize to the products and services exchange to consumers for their person-to-person use. C. It is the strategy sell merchants and vendors use to get products into the investment ships companys. D. It is the process of advanceing products in smaller quantities for consumer consumption patterns. E. It is the power to passport enough soma in a livestock to encourage unrivalled-stop shopping. barrier calorie-free face Definition2. (p. ) Which of the following businesses would be sum uped a seller? A. a hot dog cart at the Highland Games B. Delta Airlines C. University book stemma D. Priceline. com E. all of the supra Retailers argon businesses that sell hots and/or services. barrier mediocre cause Application3. (p. 6) Why is it imperative that shapers like Apple Computer and Proctor and Gamble understand how sellers break down? A. Manufacturers depart be able to sell channelisely on-line. B. Manufacturers allow for understand how to get their products on the shelves and interchange to the guest. C. Manufacturers flock better sell trade without retailers.D. Retailers understructure expect fewer buyouts to occur. E. Manufacturers can limit multi-channel consolidation trouble Medium font Comprehension4. (p. 6) A ______________ is a business that sells products and/or services to consumers for their personal or family use. A. manufacturer B. sweepingr C. retailer D. Distri providedor bar lite face Definition5. (p. 6) The ends that retail manger make allow in A. Selecting their calculate markets B. Selecting retail locations C. Negotiating with suppliers D. Training and motivating sales associates E. All of the preceding(prenominal) obstruction Easy eccentric person Comprehension6. (p. 7) A(n) ______________ is a laid of firms that make and deliver a given set of in force(p)s and services to the ultimate consumer. A. supply grasp B. buying network C. trade association D. integrated wholesale network clog Easy Type Definition7. (p. 7) A retailers role in a supply chain is to A. act as the liaison between manufacturers and interlocutors B. buy switch exclusively from the manufacturers C. negotiate with manufacturers to eliminate a wholesaler D. satisfy the learns of the consumers E. sell to wholesalers bar Easy Type Definition8. (p. ) ______________ is when a firm performs more than than one set of activities in a channel. A. Channel diversification B. crosswise flummoxment C. Horizontal consolidation D. Vertical resurrectment E. Vertical desegregation impediment Easy Type Definition9. (p. 7) If a chain of florist shop shops opened a plant nursery to provide gift plants and cut flowers to all of its outlets within a 300-mile radius, the chain would be practicing A. plumb integration. B. channel expansion. C. swimming expansion. D. opportunity incrementing. E. service merchandising. The florist is performing more than one channel function. clog Medium Type Application10. (p. 7) Victorias Secret, a popular retail chain in wo mens lingerie and perfume, design the swap they sell, and then contract with manufacturers to produce it exclusively for them. Victorias Secret is practicing A. globalization B. product-related marketing C. tumid integration D. horizontal integration E. product diversification Because the retail chain designs and contracts its manufacturing firm, it is an example of vertical integration. difficultness Medium Type Application11. (p. 7) Why is it advantageous for retailers to be vertically integrated? A.It is advantageous because retailers can develop unique merchandise sold only in their stores. B. Retailers can expand their services comfortably to the cyberspace because they can direct orders to the manufacturer C. Retailers hold up realized that to stay war-ridden, they must become vertically integrated D. Customers prefer retailers who atomic weigh 18 vertically integrated. E. There is no advantage to being vertically integrated. trouble Hard Type Comprehension12. (p. 7) A retailer that is vertically integrated A. concentrates on selling to businesses only B. does non have frequent communication between buyers and managers C. as an excellent vertical relationship between somatic and stores D. performs more than one function in the chain from manufacturing to sales to end user E. performs only one function to end user difficulty Medium Type Definition13. (p. 7) __________________ arises when a retailer performs some diffusion and manufacturing activities, such as operating w behouses or conception private-label merchandise. A. Globalization B. Product-related marketing C. Backward integration D. Horizontal integration E. Forward integration Difficulty Easy Type Defin ition14. (p. ) _______________ occurs when a manufacturer undertakes retail activities. A. back submit label business B. Product-related marketing C. Backward integration D. Horizontal integration E. Forward integration Difficulty Easy Type Definition15. (p. 7) Retailers provide all-important(a) functions that increase the value of the products and services they sell to consumers. Which of the following does not include value function created by a retailer? A. Providing an assortment of products and services B. Reducing output costs with innovative design C. Breaking bulk D. Holding inventory E. Providing services Difficulty Easy Type Definition16. (p. 8) Which of the following statements roughly retailers holding inventory is FALSE? A. By having inventory held in the store, consumers can hold less merchandise at home. B. By holding inventory, retailers can decrease the visual merchandising expenditure. C. Holding inventory in a store helps serve the customers wishings. D. Reta ilers keep inventory so products argon available when consumers want them. E. Holding inventory reduces consumers cost of storing products. Difficulty Medium Type Comprehension17. (p. 8) Grocers purchase pineapples from several(prenominal) different tropical countries.When pineapples arrive in the diffusion centers across the United States, containers are reduced to amounts that are appropriate for store delivery. Once delivered to the stores, associates open the cartons and arrange the pineapples for the consumer to select. Grocers are performing what function? A. adaptive selling B. breaking bulk C. acclimating D. distribution E. transferring Difficulty Medium Type Comprehension18. (p. 8) Providing assortments is an advantageous business application because A. it enables the order to create a more in formational and entertaining environment that would promote more sales B. t enables the partnership to reinvest for the prox of the business. C. it enables the customer to choo se from a wide selection of brands, designs, sizes and prices all in one store D. it enables the customer to try more products E. It enables the customer to stock up on the assortments because of bulk availability. Difficulty Medium Type Application19. (p. 8) One of the functions retailers undertake to increase the customers perception of value is providing services. Which of the following would be an example of that activity? A. clean restrooms B. displaying merchandise C. aving trained sales mess available to answer questions D. well-lit parking E. all of the above All of these functions are provided by the retailer to make it easier for a customer to buy and use products. Difficulty Easy Type Comprehension20. (p. 8) A credit union holds and maintains detailed records of the banking activities of its members. Each quarter, the credit union provides its members a printout of banking activities, information about low rate loans and pre-owned automobiles. By contacting its members on a regular basis, the credit union is engaging in the business function of A. breaking bulk B. olding inventory C. providing assortments D. financing E. providing services Maintaining records and informing members are services. Difficulty Easy Type Application21. (p. 9) Retailing is one of the nations jumbost industries in terms of A. community involvement B. employment C. opposition D. promotions E. variety Difficulty Easy Type Fact22. (p. 11) When considering the erectst retailers worldwide, ___________ retailers continue to dominate among them. A. food B. apparel C. drug D. home-improvement E. Internet Difficulty Medium Type Comprehension23. (p. 11) Which of the following statements about the U.S. distribution transcription is true? A. Many people think the United States is understored. B. Many U. S. retailers are large enough to have their own warehouses and have eliminated their need for wholesalers. C. When compared to retail density in Europe, the United States is very lo w. D. The small specialty store is the rapid ontogeny caseful of U. S. retailer. E. All of the above statements about the U. S. distribution organisation are false. The U. S. is probably overstored. The U. S. has the greatest retail density in the world. The large store with over 20,000 second power feet is the fastest growing type of U. S. etailer. Difficulty Medium Type Fact24. (p. 11) The Chinese distribution system A. has more people employed in distribution than the U. S. B. is characterized by small stores with a large wholesale industry C. is more efficient than the distribution system in the U. S. D. is more similar to U. S. distribution systems than Europes systems E. none of the above Difficulty Medium Type Fact25. (p. 11) The fastest growing retailers in the United States sell through A. kiosks in malls and section stores B. large stores with over 20,000 square feet C. outlet stores D. small specialty stores E. he Internet Difficulty Medium Type Fact26. (p. 12) Wha t factors have created differences in the distribution systems in the major markets? A. geography B. market size C. the high population density in Europe, China, and India D. different social and political objectives E. all of the above Difficulty Easy Type Fact27. (p. 12) Which of the following is not TRUE when explaining what created differences within the distribution system of the major international markets? A. China and India have many large businesses to reduce unemployment. B. E. U. has many large retailers to achieve economy of scales. C. E. U. countries protect small retailers. D. China has many large retailers because it has an abundance of low-cost real estate available for building large stores. Difficulty Hard Type Fact28. (p. 12) Which of the following is NOT TRUE in describing distribution systems within major international markets? A. The U. S. distribution system has the greatest retail density and the greatest concentration of large retail firms. B. The Indian dis tribution systems are characterized by small stores operated by small firms and a large independent wholesale industry. C. In the Chinese distribution system, the merchandise often passes through several levels of distribution to make the daily deliveries to the small retailers efficient. D. Union European retail is similar to efficient distribution system in the U. S. E. Southern European retailing is fragmented across all sectors. F. All of the above is true. G. None of the above is true. Difficulty Medium Type Comprehension29. (p. 16) The contestation between the alike(p) types of retailers is called A. intertype competition B. indirect competition C. intratype competition D. locomote merchandising E. vertical integration Difficulty Easy Type Definition30. (p. 16) CVS, Walgreens and Rite Aid are _________ competitors. A. indirect B. intratype C. intertype D. vertical E. horizontal All three category killers utilize the same format Difficulty Medium Type Application31. (p. 16) Macys, Belk, JCPenney and Nordstrom are ___________ competitors. A. channel B. vertical C. intertype D. intratype E. none of the above All three department stores use the same format Difficulty Medium Type Application32. (p. 16) Which of the following would be an intratype competitor for a Home Depot supermarket? A. order B. Lowes C. Kroger D. Macys E. All of the above Lowes is a home-improvement center Difficulty Easy Type Application33. (p. 16) What is variety? A. regeneration is the number of different items in a category. B. mannequin is the number of different SKUs within a merchandise category. C. Variety is the number of different merchandise categories within a store. D. Variety is an opposite term for locomote merchandising. E. Variety is the number of different facets of the business plan. Difficulty Medium Type Definition34. (p. 16) When taco Bell opened its rootage restaurant, a hungry patron could order a taco, a burrito and a Coke. In those early years, Taco Bel l did not offer much A. assortment B. product depth C. quantity D. value E. variety Difficulty Medium Type Application35. (p. 16) Dillards sells Godiva chocolates and coffees in their stores. By selling such products, Dillards is A. offering a good merchandise mix B. offering what the market demands C. offering deep product assortments D. practicing scrambled merchandising E. practicing intratype competition Difficulty Medium Type Application36. (p. 16) The offering of merchandise not typically associated with the store type is called A. scrambled merchandising B. ntratype competition C. product diversification D. channel conflict E. vertical differentiation Difficulty Easy Type Definition37. (p. 16) While vacationing at the b separately, Delia was delighted to see that the local Walgreens carried milk, b cross-file, apples and bananas. Her delight indicates she has never seen A. a deep product assortment B. an acceptable merchandising mix C. a retail mix D. scrambled merchandising E. this type of intratype competition Difficulty Medium Type Application38. (p. 16) Scrambled merchandising increases A. vertical integration B. intertype competition C. concentric diversification D. orizontal integration E. intratype competition Difficulty Medium Type Comprehension39. (p. 16) Which of the following would be an example of intertype competition? A. a supermarket and a fresh flower stand B. a specialty store and a fast food restaurant C. a supercenter and a pharmacy D. a convenience store and a department store E. all of the above Difficulty Easy Type Application40. (p. 16) The Lands End clear site, the JCPenney catalog, and the Sears area all in ____________ competition. A. channel B. horizontal C. indirect D. intertype E. intratype They all sell similar products, but use different formats to do so. Difficulty Hard Type Comprehension41. (p. 16) Increasing intertype competition has made it harder for retailers to bring out their A. competition B. tail market C. mer chandise mix D. retail mix E. none of the above Difficulty Medium Type Comprehension42. (p. 16) The intensity of competition is greatest among retailers when A. price dominates the retail mix B. they are fixed tightly fitting each other and offer similar retail offerings C. they are located near each other and target the same customer D. they are located far from each other and offer similar retail offerings E. hey are located far from each other and target the same customer Difficulty Hard Type Comprehension43. (p. 16) Since convenience of location is important in store choice, a stores propinquity to competitors is a critical factor in identifying A. competition B. ethical standards C. real estate negotiations D. the target market E. which merchandise to scramble Difficulty Medium Type Comprehension44. (p. 18) Once a retailer understands its environment, it needs to develop and implement a A. viable customer base B. advertising plan C. retail strategy D. free-enterprise(a) stra tegy E. functional strategy The retail strategy is developed after(prenominal) information is gathered in a situation analysis. Although similar in theory to a business plan, it is specific to the retailing industry. Difficulty Easy Type Application45. (p. 18) The retail strategy helps a retailer to identify the following draw A. The target market toward which the retailer give direct its efforts. B. The record of the merchandise and services the retailer will offer to satisfy the needs of the target market. C. How the retailer will build a long-term advantage over its competitors. D. Break-even orientate for making pro mates E. All of the above Difficulty Easy Type Application46. (p. 18) When developing the _________________ for his impudently barber shop, Theo decided to obtain a long-term emulous advantage over other salons by offering longer hours, better prices, a well trained staff and half-price perm mean solar day every Wednesday to attract customers. A. selling conc ept B. business cycle C. retail strategy D. focal point orientation E. marketing concept A retail strategy statement identifies the target market, the merchandise and services, and how the retailer will build a long-term advantage over its competitors. All three of these elements are establish in the question. Difficulty Medium Type Application47. (p. 18) As the owner of a store specializing in mens suits, Isabella can use a retail strategy statement to identify all of the following EXCEPT A. the advertising campaign developed to sell last seasons merchandise B. the shops target market C. how the store will build a competitive advantage over Mens Warehouse D. what services the shop will offer its customers E. what types of suits the store will stock A retail strategy has to do with planning for the future and not focusing on a short-term problem. Difficulty Hard Type Application48. (p. 0) Which of the following strategies has JCPenney changed to argue effectively with the competit ion in the past? A. JCPenney centralized merchandise management. B. JCPenney is building new stores off the mall. C. JCPenney is designing stores with centralized checkout. D. JCPenney straightway ships merchandise through distribution centers. E. JCPenney is upgrading its merchandise offering by adding Frances cosmetics Sephora. F. All of the above Difficulty Medium Type Comprehension49. (p. 21) To implement a retail strategy, a retailer must develop a _____ that satisfies the needs of its target market better than its competitors. A. production orientation B. horizontal integration C. sales orientation. D. retail mix. E. situation analysis The retail mix is the combination of factors that satisfies customers needs. The others are not used for this purpose. Difficulty Easy Type Comprehension50. (p. 21) Once a well-articulated retail strategy has been developed, the next step is to A. override the cook mechanism B. evaluate the results of the strategy C. forecast future environmen tal trends D. confirm that environmental conditions have not changed E. implement the strategy Once the strategy is developed, the next logical step is implementation.Nothing would get accomplished if a retailer repeatedly went back to step 1 as in Alternatives C and D. The last-place stage in the process is the evaluation of the strategy. Overriding the control mechanism would not be a good idea in any case. Difficulty Hard Type Comprehension51. (p. 21) The combination of factors retailers use to satisfy customer needs and influence their purchase decisions is called the firms A. retailing conglomerate B. retail mix C. marketing strategy D. target group E. none of the above Difficulty Easy Type Definition52. (p. 21) Which of the following is part of a retailers retail mix? A. advertising B. displays C. trained salespeople D. services offered E. all of the above All of the choices are elements within the retail mix. Difficulty Easy Type Definition53. (p. 21) Which of the following is NOT an element in the retail mix? A. competitive response B. merchandise assortments C. location D. customer service E. advertising and promotion The elements of the retail mix include customer service, store design and display, advertising and promotion, location, assortments and pricing. Difficulty Easy Type Definition54. (p. 21) Which of the following parts of the retail mix can be utilized by a small hardware store? A. able lighting in the store, which makes it easier to read the messages B. a new ad campaign that uses both radio and paper media C. store location next door to a hospital D. attractive point-of-purchase displays at the ends of the stores aisles E. all of the above Store design, location, and advertising programs are all part of the retail mix. Difficulty Medium Type Application55. (p. 23) What are the principles governing the behavior of the individual and the company? A. ethics B. retail strategy C. training guidelines D. company finish E. Civil Rights Act of 1964 Difficulty Easy Type Definition56. (p. 23) Belinda is a swimwear buyer for a major department store. She will allow vendors to purchase her lunch at the local coffee shop when they visit. One October, she dined with a new vendor to discuss a progressive line of mens swimwear that is popular in resorts passim the Caribbean. Belindas goal was to assess the assortments for her company in order to see if the product was a good fit for the company brand. During lunch, the vendor invited Belinda for an all-expense paid weekend trip to Jamaica to see the popularity of the merchandise. His goal was to enable her to make a more educated decision when buying. Belinda hesitated to accept because of A. personal and professional ethics B. the scheduling of the buy for the forswear season C. the price of the exclusive merchandise would not match the income level of her target market D. the manufacturer would be unable to develop the line in time for spring E. her inability as a buyer to alter the visual merchandising for the store Difficulty Medium Type Application canvass Questions57. (p. 7) What is the retailers role in a supply chain? The retailers role in the distribution channel is to necktie manufacturers with onsumers by directing their efforts to satisfying the needs of the ultimate consumers. Difficulty Medium58. (p. 8) List the cardinal functions performed by retailers. The four functions performed by retailers are (1) providing an assortment of products and services, (2) breaking bulk, (3) holding inventory, and (4) providing services. Difficulty Easy59. (p. 8) With manufacturers legally able to sell direct from the factories, why should retailers exist? In the retailing distribution channel, there are occasions when manufacturers sell promptly to the ultimate consumer. While occasionally doing so, manufacturers mainly exist to manufacture products to satisfy the needs of a wholesaler or retailer. Retailers exist because they direct their efforts an d specialize in satisfying only the customers needs. Retailers exist because they increase the value consumers receive. Difficulty Medium60. (p. 16) Distinguish between intratype competition and intertype competition. Give an example of each. Intratype competition refers to the competition between retailers with the same format. An example would be the competition between Publix and BiLo for sale of fresh salmon. Intertype competition refers to retailers that sell similar merchandise using different formats. An example would be the sale of Revlon Color-Stay Lipstick between CVS and Target. Difficulty Easy61. (p. 16) Why would a Walgreens add novelty gifts, fresh bread, pre-wrapped sandwiches and milk to its product mix? Walgreens is engaging in scrambled merchandising. They have added these products and therefore, appeal more to a broader group of customers, while providing one-stop shopping for our time-starved society. Difficulty Medium62. (p. 16) A chef wants to open an Italian r estaurant in the suburbs of a large city. How should she identify the competition? This question can have a variety of responses, but she could first look at the obvious and identify other Italian restaurants near her location. Is her location the best? She should consider frozen Italian entrees at nearby grocery stores. She should similarly consider the prices of the entrees she offers and compare them to the prices of other types of restaurants. Difficulty Medium63. (p. 17) Why do retailers consider customers important when developing a retail strategy? Retailers need to understand customers and how they are changing so that they can better satisfy their needs. Retailers need to know and understand why customers shop, how they select stores and how they select from that stores merchandise. Difficulty Medium64. (p. 18) What are the three things identified by a retail strategy statement? (1) The target market toward which the retailer will direct its efforts, (2) the nature of the merchandise and services the retailer will offer to satisfy the needs of the target market, and (3) how the retailer will build a long-term advantage over its competitors. Difficulty Medium65. (p. 18) Why is location strategy important for both consumers and for competitive reasons? 1) Location is typically the most important characteristic consumers consider when selecting a store. (2) A good location creates a long-term advantage over the competition. Difficulty Medium66. (p. 19) The success of discount stores poses a growing threat for JCPenney. To compete effectively with these retailers, the company instituted some radical changes. Discuss four changes the company made and how JCPenney expects the changes to better satisfy its target market. (1) JCPenney is reducing its distribution costs by shipping merchandise through its distribution centers rather than using direct delivery from vendors to stores. 2) JCPenney centralized merchandise management. Rather than having cutting m anagers make merchandise decisions, merchandise decisions are made by JCPenney buyers in the corporate headquarters to unbosom costs and respond quicker. (3) To increase customer convenience, JCPenney is building new stores off the mall. (4) To increase convenience, the company is also installing centralized checkout counters in each area of the store. Difficulty Medium Fill in the Blank Questions67. (p. 7) Renting a tuxedo, the purchase of a DVD on Amazon. om, buying a Ronco Veg-O-Matic after watching an infomercial, and getting a facial are all examples of ________ activitiesthe sale of goods and services to the ultimate consumer. retailing Difficulty Easy68. (p. 7) A _____ is a business that sells products and services to ultimate consumers. retailer Difficulty Easy69. (p. 7) Retailers are the final business in a distribution channel that link __________ to consumers. manufacturers Difficulty Easy70. (p. 7) A _____________ is a set of businesses that move products from the point of production to the point of sale to the ultimate consumer. distribution channel Difficulty Easy71. (p. 7) When a retailer like L. L. Bean designs merchandise as well as sells the merchandise, _________ is occurring. vertical integration Difficulty Medium72. (p. 8) By providing assortments, breaking bulk, holding inventory, and providing services, retailers increase the ___________ consumers receive from their products and services. value Difficulty Medium73. (p. 9) _______________ describes the voluntary actions taken by a company to address the ethical, social, and environmental impacts of its business operations and the concerns of its stakeholders. Corporate social responsibility Difficulty Easy74. (p. 6) When Austin saw pastries and coffee at his local bookstore, he knew it was an example of __________, which is the juxtaposition of unrelated merchandise in the store. scrambled merchandise Difficulty Medium75. (p. 16) Scrambled merchandising increases _______, which occurs be tween retailers that sell similar merchandise using different formats, such as specialty and discount stores. intertype competition Difficulty Medium76. (p. 19) The philosophy, strategies, programs and systems that focus on identifying and building verity with a retailers most valued customers are called _______________. customer relationship management Difficulty Medium77. (p. 23) _________ are the principles governing the behavior of individuals and companies. Ethics Difficulty Easy Short Answer Questions78. (p. 8) Best demoralise purchases many of the CDs, Playstation 2 games, DVDs and DVD players by the truckload then sells them in smaller quantities to its stores where consumers are allowed to buy them one at a time. What business function is Best Buy performing? breaking bulk Difficulty Medium79. (p. 8) Costco buys directly from manufacturers. They have merchandise shipped to their warehouses for storage, and then distribute the merchandise to their stores. What term is used to describe this type of activity? vertical integration Difficulty Medium80. (p. 14) Which retailer had its humble beginnings in rural Arkansas and now is the largest retailer in the world? Wal-Mart Difficulty Easy81. (p. 15) What is the first step in the retail management decision process? getting an understanding of the world of retailing Difficulty Medium82. (p. 16) When is the intensity of competition between retail stores the greatest? when they are involved in intratype competition Difficulty Medium83. (p. 16) What type of merchandising increases intertype competition? crambled merchandising Difficulty Medium84. (p. 18) The Aviary is a pet shop that focuses on red cents and their accoutrements for bird lovers. The shop carries cages, perches, toys and even gourmet seed and dried fruits. It sponsors a bird club where members can bring their pets to share with other bird lovers. The store provides an inexpensive veterinary service. It even has a 3-month guarantee when you pur chase a bird. The Aviary has created loyalty from its customers and continuously attracts new ones because of the services offered. What does this describe? It describes the stores retailing strategy. The paragraph describes the target market, the merchandise and services and how it maintains a strategic advantage over competitors. Difficulty Hard85. (p. 19) Why do retailers use point of sale (POS) terminals to read Universal Product Codes (UPC) and electronic data interchange (EDI) to send sales and inventory information from computer to computer? These technologies allow retailers to have a better idea of what is selling and a way to quick communicate that information to vendors so that replenishment can quickly occur. Additionally it gives the retailer a competitive advantage over retailers that do not work with current supply chain management systems. Difficulty Hard86. (p. 23) When making the strategic and tactical decisions managers need to consider the effects of their deci sions on the profitability of their firms and the satisfaction of their customers. What other implications must managers consider as a result of their decisions? ethical and legal implications Difficulty Hard

My First Part-Time Job

This is the my first part-time Job. I had lettered so much from this experience. First of all, I learned how to get along with people whom you had just now met for the first time. I remember this Job was back in three years ago. I was totally 17 and I wanted to do something different this summer instead of Just hanging reveal at home. When I started looking for one, I realized finding a Job is quite difficult. convey to my sister who recommended me to this Japanese restaurant where she cogitations as a manager. After a brief interview, I was accepted to fill this position.I darted to think about all kind of possibilities within this Job. Finally, my first day of work has arrived. My mom took the time and drop me finish up to work right on time. I was very flyaway since I would have to introduce myself in front of everyone and started to learn everything. The first thing I learned was that, when customers come in, you have to say welcome. It was hard for me to say it so loud i n front of people. I felt shame on myself for not doing it well. After I stand in front off mirror and practices a lot, I could say it easily. After a few weeks, things started to fall into places and I was known with the work.However, one accident happened, I accidentally knock over a bowl of soup on a customer. My first reaction was Oh my god I was so unguarded and felt so bad. I blamed myself for not being careful. Fortunately, the customer did not get too upset after that, I paid more attention to work. I get tipped well sometimes when I do a good Job with the help of my co-workers. I had became friends with my co-workers. When I think back, I still flatten the time while working there. It was a valuable experience for me. It has taught me important lessons in my life. Hopefully, I would be able to find another Job that is as memorable as this one to me.